模壓復(fù)合井蓋就是將模塑料加入鋼筋在一定溫度和壓力下壓制成型。這種復(fù)合井蓋因增強(qiáng)材料采用的是短纖維(30-50mm短纖維形成復(fù)合材料的強(qiáng)度只有連續(xù)纖維20-30%)，復(fù)合井蓋結(jié)構(gòu)上采用的是平板底部加肋，這種增強(qiáng)材料及復(fù)合井蓋結(jié)構(gòu)導(dǎo)致復(fù)合井蓋承載能力嚴(yán)重不足，只能加入鋼筋以增加荷載。而鋼筋的加入，形成材質(zhì)具有兩大缺陷：①鋼筋表面有銹，往往導(dǎo)致材料界面結(jié)合不好(如果復(fù)合材料界面結(jié)合不好，就不會(huì)產(chǎn)生1+1>2的效果);②鋼筋是金屬材料，SMC/BMC是非金屬材料，兩種材料因熱膨脹系數(shù)的差異。在不同溫度下(早、中、晚、冬天、夏天)材料界面將會(huì)形成應(yīng)力，加之車(chē)輛反復(fù)碾壓，會(huì)導(dǎo)致鋼筋與SMC/BMC脫離，最后導(dǎo)致復(fù)合井蓋失去承載能力(具體多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間失去承載能力，取決于企業(yè)制作過(guò)程中復(fù)合工藝和使用條件，也許2-3年，也許更長(zhǎng))。優(yōu)點(diǎn)：A、防盜;B、外觀(guān)精致;缺點(diǎn)：A、承載能力不夠;B、因加入鋼筋，界面脫離后會(huì)導(dǎo)致失去承載能力。2、分層復(fù)合井蓋這種復(fù)合材料復(fù)合井蓋是用不飽和聚酯樹(shù)脂作基體材料，用玻璃纖維作增強(qiáng)材料，輔以一定剛性材料。結(jié)構(gòu)上采用鍋底結(jié)構(gòu)，底部抗拉材料受力均勻;材質(zhì)上分上下兩層，上部采用耐磨、耐老化材料，產(chǎn)品的使用壽命長(zhǎng)。下部采用連續(xù)玻璃纖維增強(qiáng)，可以使復(fù)合井蓋具有足夠的承載能力，而不需任何鋼筋增強(qiáng)。是幾種復(fù)合材料復(fù)合井蓋中綜合性能較好的一種材料復(fù)合井蓋。優(yōu)點(diǎn)：A、防盜;B、承載能力高;C、外觀(guān)漂亮。缺點(diǎn)：A、表面硬度高、而脆性稍高;B、價(jià)格稍高。

模壓井蓋：是用不飽和樹(shù)脂作基本材料，用30-50mm短纖維和鋼筋作增強(qiáng)材料，用碳酸鈣作填充材料，在一定溫度下壓制而成。由于鋼筋是金屬材料，而B(niǎo)MC是有機(jī)材料，BMC的熱膨脹系數(shù)是鋼筋的兩倍，且因鋼筋表面生銹，而使BMC與之復(fù)合時(shí)界面結(jié)合不牢，溫度發(fā)生變化時(shí)，鋼筋與BMC材料之間界面會(huì)形成應(yīng)力，加之車(chē)輛反復(fù)碾壓，會(huì)導(dǎo)致鋼筋與BMC界面分離，最后復(fù)合井蓋喪失承載能力。并且表面為BMC和碳酸鈣材料混合物，因而耐磨性較差。玻纖增強(qiáng)復(fù)合井蓋：從結(jié)構(gòu)采用鍋底型結(jié)構(gòu)(均勻承載)，這種結(jié)構(gòu)與加肋型(集中承載)相比，底部受力面積增大幾倍;其次，多層加筋，層層相扣，受力均勻，因此，結(jié)構(gòu)上使產(chǎn)品承載能力更強(qiáng);從材質(zhì)方面，耐磨層采用多色彩石英沙作耐磨材料并加入穩(wěn)定劑，使產(chǎn)品耐磨性能使用壽命成倍提高;采用連續(xù)增強(qiáng)纖維骨架，確保了產(chǎn)品的高承載能力，而其他復(fù)合井蓋有的不用纖維增強(qiáng)，即使使用纖維增強(qiáng)也是使用短纖維(短纖維的強(qiáng)度僅為連續(xù)纖維的20%-30%)，強(qiáng)度不夠時(shí)，只好用鋼筋彌補(bǔ)，產(chǎn)品整體材料為有機(jī)材料，在復(fù)合井蓋不同部位使用不同增強(qiáng)材料，從材質(zhì)上避免了其他復(fù)合材料產(chǎn)品因使用鋼筋等增強(qiáng)材料而出現(xiàn)的分離、脫落現(xiàn)象。采用分層復(fù)合工藝，滿(mǎn)足機(jī)構(gòu)創(chuàng)新和材質(zhì)創(chuàng)新的要求，在復(fù)合井蓋不同部位使用不同增強(qiáng)材料，使復(fù)合井蓋不同部位使用不同增強(qiáng)材料而出現(xiàn)的分離、脫落現(xiàn)象。

Molded composite covers with reinforced plastic is to die at a certain temperature and pressure compression molding . This result covers the composite material used is of short reinforcing fibers ( strength of the composite 30-50mm staple fibers are formed only continuous 20-30 % ) , a composite structure using a bottom covers stiffened plate , such a reinforced composite material , and manhole covers bearing capacity of composite structures lead to a serious shortage , only adding reinforcement to increase the load . The steel joined to form the material has two flaws : ① steel surface rust , often resulting in poor interfacial bonding material (if the composite interfacial bonding well, it will not have an effect of 1 +1 > 2 ); ② reinforcement is metallic materials , SMC / BMC is non-metallic materials , the two materials due to thermal expansion coefficient differences . At different temperatures ( early, middle and late winter, summer ) will form a material interface stress , coupled with the vehicle rolling again , will lead to steel and SMC / BMC detachment, leading to loss of carrying capacity of composite covers (specifically how long to lose carrying capacity, depending on the production process complex business processes and conditions of use, maybe 2-3 years , maybe longer ) . Advantages : A, anti-theft ; B, the appearance of fine ; Disadvantages : A, carrying capacity is not enough ; B, by adding steel, the interface will result in the loss from carrying capacity . 2 , layered composite covers this composite material composite covers are made with unsaturated polyester resin matrix material reinforced with glass fiber materials, supplemented by some rigid material . Structures using structural pot bottom material tensile force uniform ; divided into two layers on the material, the upper part of long life wear, anti-aging materials, products. The lower part of a continuous glass fiber reinforced composite covers can have enough carrying capacity, without any reinforcement enhanced. Is one of several composite materials composite covers in a better overall performance composite materials covers. Advantages : A, anti-theft ; B, high carrying capacity ; C, beautiful appearance . Disadvantages : A, high surface hardness , brittleness and higher ; B, higher prices .

Molded covers : unsaturated resin as a base material , with 30-50mm staple fibers as a reinforcing material and reinforced with calcium carbonate as filler , at a temperature of repression. Since steel is a metal material, and BMC is an organic material , the thermal expansion coefficient is twice BMC steel , and because steel surface rust , leaving the BMC interface when combined with the composite is not strong, when the temperature changes , reinforced with BMC material will form the interface between stress , coupled with the vehicle rolling again , will lead to reinforcement and BMC interface separation , the final composite covers loss of carrying capacity. BMC and the surface of the material and a mixture of calcium carbonate , which is poor wear resistance. Glass fiber reinforced composite covers : from structure using pot -type structure ( uniform load ) , this structure with ribbed type ( centralized load ) compared to the bottom of the force area increased several times ; secondly , multi- reinforced layers interlocking , even by force , so that the structure of the product bearing capacity; multi color quartz sand from the material, the wear layer for abrasion-resistant material and add a stabilizer so that the product wear life doubled ; continuous reinforcing fiber backbone ensure high bearing capacity of the product , and not some other fiber-reinforced composite covers , even when also using short fiber reinforced fiber ( short fiber strength of only 20% -30 % of the continuous fibers ) , the intensity of when not enough , had to use steel to make up the overall product material is an organic material , in different parts of the reinforced composite covers the use of different materials , to avoid the separation of other products due to the use of reinforced composite materials such as reinforced material appearing from the material , shedding phenomenon . Layered composite technology , innovation and material innovation to meet the agency 's requirements, to enhance the use of different materials in different parts of the composite covers , so that different parts of the composite covers the use of different materials to enhance the emergence of separation , shedding phenomenon .